Oil still



2 Sheets-Sheet l May 9, 1933- c. E. LUCKE OIL STILL Filed MarCh 28, 1928fp:f

y l A l 1 l l l I i L .C. E. LUCKE Ma'y 9, 1933.

OIL STILL Filed March 28, 1928 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR plw/ M -BY (if,

ATTORNEY@ Patented May 9, 1933 UNITED STATES PATENT oFFicE CHARLES E.LUGKE, F NEW YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNOR TO THE BABCOCK &. WILCOX COMPANY, 0FBAYONNE, N EW JERSEY, A CORPORATION 0F NEW JERSEY oIL STILL Applicationled March 28, 1928. Serial No. 265,245.

This invention relates .to an oil still in which oil is passed throughtubes in series that are located above a furnace and are shielded fromthe radiant heat of the furnace by means of tubes with refractoryjackets. The hot products of combustion from the furnace pass throughthe radiant heat shield and contact with the oil tubes before theybecome materially cooled.

The invention will be understood from the description in connection withthe accompan ing drawings in which Fig. 1 is a vertica section throughan illustrative embodiment of the invention taken along the line 1-1 ofFig.y 2, and Fig. 2 is a section taken along the line 2-2 of Fig. 1.

In the drawings reference character 5 indicates a furnace chamber thatis provided with fuel burners 6 for powdered coal or other combustiblematerial. A horizontally disposed radiant heat screen 7- is locatedabove the furnace chamber 5 and is made up of tubes that are coveredwith tile and spaced apart so as to permit gases or hot products ofcombustion from the furnace to pass between the tubes. A header 8 for agroup of tubes for the screen is located on the outside of the furnaceand an inlet pipe 8 leads to 'this header. In the illustrativeembodiment of the invention, the screen com` prises two rows ofstaggered parallel tubes and a group of three tubes in the lower rowl isconnected in`paraliel to the header 8. The other endsof the tubes ofthis group are connected by return connectors 9 to a group of Ythreetubes in the upper row and the ends of the tubes in the upp er row areconnected to a header 10 that is located outside of the furnace wallabovel the header 8 and'is about twice as long as the header 8. Similargroups of tubes of three each connect this header 10 through endconnectors and through other y headers 10 so that 'the Huid entering theof air for cooling purposes and the number of tubes in the screen 7 canbe restricted to `the number that is necessary to provide the radiantheat screen.

The space abovethe screen 7 is divided into a plurality of conduits orgas passages 15, 16 and 17 that taper in the direction of the gas flow.The gas passages 15, 16 and 17 are made tapering by means of baflies 18and 19 slightly inclined to the vertical, the bafiie 18 terminatingshort of the upper end of the gas passages and its lower end beingconnected to the right hand wall of the passages as indicated in Fig. 1.The-baie 19 extends from the upper portion of the gas passages and itslower end terminates short of the lower portion of the baiile 18. Aconduit leads from the exit 20 for the waste gases to an air heater 21at the lower end of which a suction fan 22 is connected and the outletfrom this'fan leads to the stack 23. The freshl air'fan 24 forces airthrough theair heater 21 into a conduit 25 that leads to the spaces 26on the outside of the conduits 15, 16 and 17 from which the gases passinto the space 27 in front of the furnace chamber 5 and thence into thefurnace for combustion purposes. l

A branch conduit 28 may lead from the fan 24 into the spaces along thesides of the furnace 5, baiiies 29 being provided therein to cause theair to pass in a. zigzag direction through the spaces to Athe space 27from which it enters the furnace.

An oil inlet pipe- 30 leads to the upper portion of the gas conduit 17and is connected tothe end of the straight oil tube 31, the end of whichis in turn connected by a return connection 32 to the end of the nextoil tube 31 and so on through the gas passage 17 with the oil passingthrough the tubes that extend across this passage. These tubes 31 aremade straight so that they can be readily cleaned and extend through thegas passage. The oil passes throught-he lower one of the tubes 31 into arow of tubes 33 located in the lower portion ofthe baiie 18, thenceupwardly through a series of tubes 34, similar to the tubes 32 andsimilarly connected but located in the gas passagel 16,

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the upper row of tubes 37, each one of which is connected by an endconnection to a tube in a lower row, and so on, to the header 38 ontheoutside of the wall. The tubes 37 are similar to the other tubes in thegas passages already described, but the tubes in each row are connectedin parallel instead of the tubes being connected in series. An exit pipe39 leads from the header 38.

When oil is introduced through the tubes .in the radiant heat screen 7,the `mix`ture in the tubes 37 will, of course, be oil. However, whenwater is introduced through the inlet 8*', it is converted into steamand becomes superheated in passing through the tubes of the screen 7andthe mixture entering the header 13 and passing through the tubes 37may be a mixture of oil vapors and superheated steam.

The operation is as follows: Hot products et combustion from the furnacechamber 5 pass between the tubes in the radiant heat screen 7 and sincethe tubes in the upper row in this screen are staggered with-respect tothe tubes in the lower row, the space above this screen is shielded fromthe most 'of the radiant heat from the furnace., The gases pass upwardlythrough the tapering conduits 15, 16 and 17, and thus the velocity ormass ilow is kept sufficiently great to cause the rate of heattransmission from the gases to l ed initially,

'the tubes over which they sweep to be adequete for the desired purpose.This also adds to the eiciency and decreases the necessary surface. Thewaste gases passing through the air heater 21 heat air that passes intothe spaces outside of the conduits 15, 16 and 17,

this air finally passing to the furnace for coin` bustion purposes.Other air from the fan 2t may pass through the spaces along the outsideof the wallsof the furnace 5 and also enter the. furnace for combustionpurposes.,

The oil entering through the inlet pipe passes through the straighttubes extending across the conduits 15, 16 and 17 and hows in acountercurrent direction preferably with sciently high velocity throughthese tubes to produce turbulence, finally entering the .header 13 andthe oil vapors thereby produced may be joined by vapors or steam fromthe tubes of the baille 7 in which case the mixture is further heated bythe hottest gases .in the conduit .15 and passes out through the outlet39. The connectiony from the tubes oil the screen 7'may, however, besuch that the oil hrst passesl through these tubes to be heatafter whichthis preheated oil is caused to enter the upper tube 31 in the conduit17. i u

It is not necessary to temper the furnace gases, so that the leastexcess air can be used, because the oil tubes are shielded from theradiant heat of the furnace., High eciency is possible and the oil isnot injured. The system is very suitable 'for the use of an air heaterto recover heat 'from the waste gases that may be at comparatively hightemperatures due to the fact that it was not necessary to cool themappreciably before contacting them with the tubes.

Changes and modifications may be made` nected in series and located invsaid gas passages, radiantly heatedy tubes between said straight tubesand said combustion chamber and extending across said combustionchamber, and an oil inlet for said radiantly heated tubes.

refractory material and having gas passages L between them, and meansfor passing oil Y through said radiantly heated screen tubes.

CHARMES E. LUCKE.

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